Separation of bovine serum albumin and its monoclonal antibody from their immunocomplexes by sodium dodecyl sulfate–capillary gel electrophoresis and its application in capillary electrophoresis-based immunoassay

A non-competitive immunoassay was performed by sodium dodecyl sulfate–capillary gel electrophoresis with UV detection using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and monoclonal anti-BSA. BSA, anti-BSA and their immunocomplexes were well resolved under non-denaturing conditions. A linear calibration curve was obtained and can be used for the quantification of anti-BSA. The limit of detection of anti-BSA was 0.1 μM under the present conditions. Compared with capillary zone electrophoresis, we believed that this method has the potential to be used as a more general format for performing capillary electrophoresis-based immunoassay of medium- and large-sized analytes.     

凝集素法测定骨性碱性磷酸酶及临床应用

选用凝集素分离法测定骨性碱性磷酸酶（bone alkaline phosphatase,B-ALP）.分别对健康男女儿童123例和成人及老年66例,进行B-ALP和总ALP活性的测定.结果显示,在儿童骨生长阶段B-ALP水平随年龄增长而增高,到14～16岁时开始逐渐下降至成人水平,男女间增高和下降时间有所不同.同时对临床骨折病人60例测定以上项目,表现为B-ALP活性在骨折后一段时期内升高,提示骨形成活跃.粉碎性骨折两周后B-ALP活性有显著性差异,t=2.92, P＜0.01,而裂缝性骨折三周后出现显著性,t=5.14, P＜0.01.骨折病人自身比较,一周后出现显著性差异, t=3.51, P＜0.05.凝集素法操作简便、重复性好,高低浓度血清的批内、批间变异系数分别为6.12%、8.5%和6.4%、9.5%.是临床观察骨代谢情况的一项有用指标.     

酸性硫酸盐土中硫形态转化过程的水分制约作用

分别设土壤田间持水量的30%恒定(FH1)、土壤田间持水量的70%恒定(FH2),一直淹水(INU)、风干后放置(DRY,作为对照)、自然风干(NAD)5个处理进行酸性硫酸盐土室内模拟实验。实验结果显示,水分条件对酸性硫酸盐土中水溶性硫、交换性硫和黄铁矿硫的形态转化有显着的制约作用。淹水环境和过分干燥环境都不利于黄铁矿的氧化及水溶性硫和交换性硫的形成,潮湿但含水量不饱和环境有利于黄铁矿硫向水溶性硫和交换性硫的转换。模拟试验期内,水溶性硫含量的增加速度排列为:FH2>FH1>INU,交换性硫含量的增加速度排列为:FH1>FH2>INU,黄铁矿硫含量的下降速度排列为:FH2>FH1>INU,原状土自然风干(NAD)过程中,水溶性硫、交换性硫和黄铁矿硫之间发生了明显的转化。对不同处理中黄钾铁矾硫、有机硫和元素硫的动态变化也进行了分析。     

小麦Mlo及NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源序列的分离与鉴定

根据GenBank中公布的大麦白粉病抗性控制基因Mlo cDNA序列及一个来源于栽培一粒小麦(Triticum monococcum L.)的假定抗病基因序列分别设计引物,以携带小麦抗白粉病基因的近等基因系为材料进行RT-PCR筛选.结果获得两个表达基因的cDNA克隆.其中一个与大麦白粉病抗性控制基因Mlo的同源性达83%.另一个为非通读序列,含有两个可能的开放阅读框,分别包含抗病基因NBS保守结构域2和3以及与水稻抗稻瘟病基因Pib蛋白末端相似的13个LRR区域,推测该序列属于NBS-LRR类.白粉菌诱导前后,该片段RT-PCR扩增产物存在差异,表明该片段可能与小麦抗病性相关.利用"中国春"缺体-四体系,将该NBS-LRR类序列定位在小麦1D染色体上.     

Compositional and genetic alterations in Graves’ disease gut microbiome reveal specific diagnostic biomarkers

Graves’ Disease is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disease and has been linked in small pilot studies to taxonomic markers within the gut microbiome. Important limitations of this work include small sample sizes and low-resolution taxonomic markers. Accordingly, we studied 162 gut microbiomes of mild and severe Graves’ disease (GD) patients and healthy controls. Taxonomic and functional analyses based on metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and MAG-annotated genes, together with predicted metabolic functions and metabolite profiles, revealed a well-defined network of MAGs, genes and clinical indexes separating healthy from GD subjects. A supervised classification model identified a combination of biomarkers including microbial species, MAGs, genes and SNPs, with predictive power superior to models from any single biomarker type (AUC = 0.98). Global, cross-disease multi-cohort analysis of gut microbiomes revealed high specificity of these GD biomarkers, notably discriminating against Parkinson’s Disease, and suggesting that non-invasive stool-based diagnostics will be useful for these diseases.Subject terms: Microbiome, Biomarkers, Population genetics     

Scanning Electron Microscope Observation on Endosperm Starch Grain Cnaracters in Orvza sativa subsp. Hsien

Scanning electron microscope observation on the characters of endosperm starch grains of wild rice anti seventeen hsien rice varieties belonging to first and second season cropping indicated that endosperm starch grains of hsien rice generally were polyhedron in sharp and edgy angle indistinct of polyhedron, individual starch grain nearly subrounded in the parts called white belly and white centre. General diameters are in an extent of 3.3–9.3 mm. The shapes of the endosperm starch grains between wild rice and cultivars are similar and sizes leas than hsien rice varieties, but the sizes of the endosperm starch grains of the first eropp4ng axe large than those of the second cropping. The shapes of endosperm starch grains of the varieties to have good exterior quality are polyhedron and structures are arranged closely, Hance, it can be primarily distinguished the good quality of grains from the poor by observation on the endosperm starch grains of varieties.     

Population Genetics and New Insight into Range of CAG Repeats of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 in the Han Chinese Population

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also called Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), is one of the most common SCAs worldwide and caused by a CAG repeat expansion located in ATXN3 gene. Based on the CAG repeat numbers, alleles of ATXN3 can be divided into normal alleles (ANs), intermediate alleles (AIs) and expanded alleles (AEs). It was controversial whether the frequency of large normal alleles (large ANs) is related to the prevalence of SCA3 or not. And there were huge chaos in the comprehension of the specific numbers of the range of CAG repeats which is fundamental for genetic analysis of SCA3. To illustrate these issues, we made a novel CAG repeat ladder to detect CAG repeats of ATXN3 in 1003 unrelated Chinese normal individuals and studied haplotypes defined by three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) closed to ATXN3. We found that the number of CAG repeats ranged from 13 to 49, among them, 14 was the most common number. Positive skew, the highest frequency of large ANs and 4 AIs which had never been reported before were found. Also, AEs and large ANs shared the same haplotypes defined by the SNPs. Based on these data and other related studies, we presumed that de novo mutations of ATXN3 emerging from large ANs are at least one survival mechanisms of mutational ATXN3 and we can redefine the range of CAG repeats as: ANs≤44, 45 ≤AIs ≤49 and AEs≥50.